Elephant Mask

Product Details

1. PAPER MACHE FROM THE STATE OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR, INDIA

· The term "papier-mâché" is of French origin, literally translating to "chewed, pulped, or mashed paper." This artistic technique involves using paper pulp or pieces bound together with adhesives like wallpaper paste, glue, or starch to craft a diverse range of functional or decorative items.

2. Papier-Mâché History and Techniques

· Strip Method: Artists cut paper into strips, binding them with adhesive. These strips are affixed to a base or supporting framework, like an armature or wire mesh. After soaking in paste, the saturated pieces are placed on the structure, allowed to dry, and then shaped, painted, and made waterproof.

· Pulp Method: Artist’s soak and boil paper to create pulp, adding glue. This pulp can be shaped directly, with paper soaked overnight, boiled until pulpy, excess water removed, and forms created. This method is often used for smaller or simpler items.

3. Historical Development and Usage of Papier-Mâché

· In 200 AD, during the Han Dynasty in Imperial China, papier-mâché's history began after the invention of paper. It spread to Kashmir, Japan, the Middle East, and ancient Egypt.

· In 1725, papier-mâché found use in European construction. It became traditional handicrafts in America and Mexico, referred to as "rock cardboard" or "cardon-Piedra."

· In 1540, it was employed for creating doll heads, later serving as an inexpensive alternative for building materials. It was used for constructing coach doors, chair backs, and as adornment in Russia.

· Carnival floats, constructed with wood and metal wire mesh wrapped in papier-mâché, became popular for scenery, characters, and props in various carnivals.

4. Papier-Mâché in Kashmir

· Introduced by Sufi saint Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani in the late 14th century, artisans in Kashmir used Iranian hand-made paper pulp.

· Various items like boxes, bowls, trays, étagères, models, birds, animals, vases, lamps, and corporate gifts are crafted with Kashmiri papier-mâché, remaining a popular product in India.

· The product is protected by the Geographic Indication Act 1999 of the Indian government, registered between April 2011 and April 2011 by the Controller General of Patents Designs and Trademarks.