Barite
is a mineral composed of
barium sulfate (BaSO4).
It receives its name from the Greek word “barys” which
means “heavy.” This name is in response to barite’s
high specific gravity of 4.5, which is exceptional for
a nonmetallic mineral. The high specific gravity of
barite makes it suitable for a wide range of
industrial, medical, and manufacturing uses. Barite
also serves as the principal ore of barium.
Uses of Barite
Most barite produced is used as a
weighting agent
in
drilling muds.
Barite is also used as a
pigment in paints
and as a
weighted filler
for paper,
Barite is used as a
weighting filler
in rubber to make “anti-sail”
mudflaps for trucks.
Barite is used to make a wide variety of
barium compounds.
Some of these are used for
x-ray shielding.
Barite is used to make
high-density concrete
to block x-ray emissions in
hospitals,
power plants,
and
laboratories.
Barite compounds are also used in
diagnostic medical tests.
The oil and gas industry is the primary user of barite
worldwide.
There it is used as a weighting agent in drilling mud.
This is a growth industry, as global demand for oil and
natural gas has been on a long-term increase. In
addition, the long-term drilling trend is more feet of
drilling per barrel of oil produced.
Properties of Barite
Chemical Classification
Sulfate
Color
Colorless, white, light blue, light yellow, light
red, light green
Streak
White
Luster
Vitreous to pearly
Diaphaneity
Transparent to translucent
Cleavage
Very good, basal, prismatic
Mohs Hardness
2.5 to 3.5
Specific Gravity
4.5
Diagnostic Properties
High specific gravity, three cleavage directions
at right angles
Chemical Composition
Barium sulfate, BaSO4
Crystal System
Orthorhombic
Uses
Drilling mud; high-density filler for paper,
rubber, plastics